10 Steps to Finding the Right Islamic Teacher

“Verily, this knowledge is Religion. So look into (i.e. investigate) whom you take your Religion from.”

- Imam Ibn Sīrīn [Mishkat al-Masabih 273]

Embarking on the journey of Islamic knowledge is one of the most significant steps a Muslim can take. It's not just about acquiring information; it's about transforming your heart, deepening your faith, and drawing closer to Allah.

But how do you find the right teacher to guide you on this sacred path?

Your teacher is more than a source of knowledge. They shape your understanding of the Deen, influence your character, and impact your relationship with Allah. Choosing the right Sheikh is crucial—not just for your learning but for your spiritual well-being.

This comprehensive guide uncovers the essential characteristics to look for in a teacher, highlights traits to avoid, and offers practical advice to help you navigate this important decision. Whether you're a new seeker or have been pursuing knowledge for years, these insights will help you find a Sheikh who truly benefits you in this life and the hereafter.

Primary Characteristics to Look For

When seeking a teacher, certain fundamental characteristics must always be present. These are divided into two categories:

Characteristics That Need to Be with the Teacher at All Times

1. Knowledge

Knowledge is the cornerstone of effective teaching in Islam. It ensures that the guidance you receive is rooted in authentic sources and sound understanding.

Endorsement from Scholars (Tazkiyah): A teacher who has been endorsed by recognized scholars or institutions carries a stamp of credibility. This endorsement indicates that the teacher has been assessed and found competent by those who are established in the field.
Manifestation of Knowledge: The teacher's knowledge should be evident in their actions, speech, and lifestyle. Their understanding of Islamic principles should reflect in how they conduct themselves, making their knowledge tangible and observable.

2. Righteousness (Deen)

A teacher's level of religious commitment is crucial, as it impacts their sincerity and the purity of the knowledge they impart. Regular engagement in both obligatory and voluntary acts of worship is a sign of a devout Muslim.

Side Benefit: Consider the duration and depth of the teacher's learning journey. Profound knowledge is often the result of years of dedicated study and cannot be acquired hastily.

Characteristics That Strengthen a Teacher Over Another When Choosing Between Them

1. Older Age

Age can be an advantage in a teacher due to the accumulation of knowledge and life experiences.

Matured Knowledge: An older teacher has had more time to study, reflect, and understand the complexities of Islamic teachings.
Wisdom: Life experiences contribute to a deeper understanding of human nature and societal issues, allowing for more practical and relevant advice.
Stability in Knowledge: With age, there's often a steadiness in practice and teaching, reducing the likelihood of sudden shifts in methodology or understanding.

2. Level of Worship

Observing a teacher's commitment to voluntary acts of worship can be inspiring and motivating.

Earliness to the Masjid: Consistently arriving early for prayers indicates eagerness and devotion.
Voluntary Fasts: Regular fasting outside of Ramadan shows dedication to personal spiritual growth.
Generosity in Charity: A generous teacher embodies the prophetic tradition of giving and caring for others.

3. Intelligence

Intellectual sharpness enhances a teacher's ability to convey complex concepts effectively.

Understanding Beyond Memorization: A teacher should comprehend the wisdom behind Islamic rulings, not just memorise texts.
Analytical Skills: The ability to analyse situations and provide nuanced guidance is essential, especially in contemporary contexts.

Characteristics That Should Be Avoided

Certain traits in a teacher can negatively impact your learning and spiritual growth.

1. Unclear Stance Regarding the Sunnah

A teacher must have a clear and firm adherence to the Sunnah (traditions of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ).

Inconsistency in Practice: If a teacher preaches about the Sunnah but does not practise it themselves—for example, not maintaining a beard or neglecting other prophetic traditions—it may lead students to belittle or neglect the Sunnah.
Impact on Students: Such inconsistency can create confusion and weaken a student's connection to authentic Islamic practices.

2. Unhealthy Physical Stature

While physical appearance is not the primary criterion, extreme neglect of health can be indicative of other issues.

Excessive Obesity: Severe obesity might reflect a lack of discipline or self-control, potentially influencing students to adopt similar habits.
Effect on Worship: Poor health can impede one's ability to perform acts of worship effectively, such as standing in prayer.

3. Known Inconsistency

An inconsistent teacher can disrupt your educational journey.

Irregular Teaching Schedule: Frequent cancellations or unpredictable class times hinder progress and make it difficult to build upon previous lessons.
Lack of Commitment: A teacher who is not dedicated may not provide the guidance and support necessary for effective learning.

4. Recently Adhering to the Sunnah

A teacher who has only recently begun practising the Sunnah may not yet have the stability required to guide others.

Potential for Relapse: They might still be struggling with consistency in their own practice, which could affect their teaching.
Risk of Confusion: Students, especially beginners, need stable guidance to build a solid foundation.
As the scholars say:

"مَا كَانَ لِلَّهِ دَامَ وَاتَّصَلَ، وَمَا كَانَ لِغَيْرِ اللَّهِ انْقَطَعَ وَانْفَصَلَ"

"Whatever is for Allah remains and continues, and whatever is for other than Allah cuts off and separates."

5. Bad Manners (Adab)

Good character is a cornerstone of Islamic teaching.

Behaviour and Conduct: The teacher's manners in speech, interaction, and general behaviour should reflect Islamic etiquette.
Respect for Knowledge: A teacher should honour the knowledge they possess, conveying it with humility and respect.
Ibn Al-Qayyim said:

"اَلدِّينُ كُلُّهُ خُلُقٌ، فَمَنْ زَادَ عَلَيْكَ فِي الْخُلُقِ، زَادَ عَلَيْكَ فِي الدِّينِ"

"The religion is entirely good character. Whoever surpasses you in character, surpasses you in religion." [Madārij al-Sālikīn 2/294]

How to Identify the Teacher’s Level of Knowledge and Uprightness?

Determining a teacher's knowledge and piety is essential but can be challenging, especially for beginners.

1. Consult the People of Knowledge

Allah says in the Quran:

"فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ"

"So ask the people of knowledge if you do not know." [Surah An-Nahl, 16:43]

Seek Recommendations: Consult established scholars or advanced students who can attest to the teacher's knowledge and character.
Inquire About Their Background: Understanding the teacher's educational journey and who they studied under can provide insights into their qualifications.

2. Pray for Guidance

Supplicate to Allah: Ask Allah to guide you to a teacher who will benefit you and help you grow spiritually.

3. Avoid Unreliable Sources

Known Liars or Biased Individuals: Do not rely on information from those with a history of dishonesty or personal grudges.
Contemporaries with Conflicts: Be cautious when considering opinions from peers who may have competitive biases.

4. Respect Privacy

Focus on Relevant Information: Investigate only what pertains to the teacher's ability to guide you, avoiding intrusion into their private affairs.

The Teacher’s Responsibility Over Their Students' Actions

A teacher plays a significant role in shaping their students, and their responsibility extends beyond mere instruction.

Accountability for Students' Development

Guidance and Monitoring: A teacher should be attentive to their students' progress, ensuring they understand and correctly implement the knowledge. If a teacher is disconnected, students may misuse or misunderstand teachings, leading to negative outcomes.

Limitations of Responsibility

Unaware of Private Misconduct: A teacher is not accountable for actions of students that occur outside their knowledge or control.

Transference of Traits

Sincerity and Investment: A teacher who is sincere and invested in their students often sees these qualities reflected in the students' dedication and behaviour.

If a Teacher is Praised by Some and Criticised by Others

When encountering mixed opinions about a teacher, it's important to navigate the situation wisely.

Focus on Personal Growth

Objective of Learning: Your primary goal is to seek knowledge to improve yourself and draw closer to Allah, not to engage in disputes or defend positions.
Openness to Guidance: Choose a teacher whom your heart feels comfortable with, someone you are willing to trust and accept guidance from.

Evaluate the Sources of Praise and Criticism

Credibility Matters: Not all opinions carry the same weight. Consider the knowledge and integrity of those offering praise or criticism.
Detailed and Just Criticism: If criticism comes from reputable scholars and is detailed and fair, it warrants consideration.

Avoid Unfounded Criticism

Baseless Claims: Dismiss critiques that lack evidence or come from individuals without direct knowledge of the teacher.

Consider Your Level

Beginners: It may be safer to avoid teachers surrounded by controversy to prevent confusion.
Advanced Students: May choose to investigate further and make an informed decision.

Dealing with a Harsh Teacher

Understanding the nature and intent behind a teacher's harshness is crucial.

Justified Harshness

For the Sake of Allah: If a teacher is stern to correct mistakes and guide you towards righteousness, it can be a sign of genuine concern.
Emotional Investment: A teacher who cares deeply about the Deen may exhibit firmness to emphasise the importance of certain matters.

Examples:

Protective Actions: Stopping someone from harmful behaviour may seem harsh but is ultimately compassionate. ‘Abdullah Ibn ‘Umar رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْهُمَا would discipline his children for significant grammatical errors to ensure proper understanding and preservation of the language of the Quran.

Problematic Harshness: Harshness stemming from ego, pride, or personal agendas is detrimental. Such behaviour can create divisions and an unhealthy group mentality.

Side Note: Some people may have an "overemotional entitlement complex," feeling unjustly offended when corrected. It's important to be open to guidance and recognize that correction is a part of learning.

Acceptance of Guidance

Humility: As a student, be prepared to receive instruction and correction without taking offence.
Commitment to Learning: Recognize that being told what to do is an inherent part of seeking knowledge.

Choosing Between Teachers

When multiple qualified teachers are available, consider factors that align with your needs and circumstances.

Locality and Background: A teacher from your community or cultural background may better understand your specific challenges and context.

Teaching Approach

Nurturing Teachers (Murabbi): Some teachers focus on holistic development, guiding you step-by-step in both knowledge and character.
Knowledge-Focused Teachers: Others may concentrate on delivering information, expecting you to seek personal development independently.

Practical Considerations

Availability and Schedule: Ensure the teacher's availability aligns with your schedule for consistent learning.
Appropriateness of Material: The content taught should match your current level of understanding.

A Teacher Who Doesn’t Want You to Study Under Others

Understanding the reasons behind a teacher's request to study exclusively with them is important.

Protective Guidance

Preventing Confusion: At early stages, multiple teaching methods may confuse students. A teacher may advise focusing on one approach to build a solid foundation.
Structured Learning Path: Sticking with one teacher for a particular subject can provide consistency and clarity.

Restrictive Control

Following are some signs of concern to watch out for:

If a teacher wants you to be indefinitely dependent on them, it may indicate unhealthy control. This can lead to blind following and an unwarranted elevation of the teacher's status.
Be wary if the teacher insists you never study with others or opposes any independence.
Avoid teachers who seem more interested in retaining students for numbers or prestige.

How to Know if a Teacher Wants Good for Their Students

Certain behaviours indicate a teacher's sincerity and genuine concern for their students.

1. Making Du'a for Students

Supplication: A teacher who prays for your success, both in your presence and absence, demonstrates care and concern.

2. Emotional Investment

Personal Attention: Checking in on your well-being and progress shows a personal commitment to your development.

3. Punctuality and Respect for Time

Consistency: Regular, timely classes indicate respect for the learning process and for the student's time.

Side Benefit: If a teacher is occasionally late due to valid reasons, students should wait patiently as a sign of respect and understanding.

4. Providing a Clear Pathway

Structured Learning Plan: A teacher who outlines a clear curriculum and adjusts the pace according to the students' needs shows foresight and dedication.
Withholding Advanced Knowledge Appropriately: Sometimes, a teacher may delay certain topics until the student is ready, ensuring they are not overwhelmed.

Group vs. Individual Teaching

Balancing Needs: In group settings, the teacher should consider the overall level of the class while providing support to individual students as needed.

Finding a Teacher

The process of finding a suitable teacher involves effort, humility, and reliance on Allah.

1. Seek Recommendations

Consult Experienced Learners: Speak with those who have already embarked on the path of knowledge. Ask about their experiences, who they studied with, and any advice they can offer.

2. Demonstrate Humility

Effort in Searching: Show willingness to learn from others and accept guidance. Humility is a key trait in a student of knowledge.

3. Make Du'a for Guidance

Supplicate to Allah: Regularly pray for beneficial knowledge and a righteous teacher who will guide you correctly.
The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) used to say:

"اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ عِلْمٍ لَا يَنْفَعُ، وَمِنْ قَلْبٍ لَا يَخْشَعُ، وَمِنْ نَفْسٍ لَا تَشْبَعُ، وَمِنْ دُعَاءٍ لَا يُسْمَعُ"

"O Allah, I seek refuge in You from knowledge that does not benefit, from a heart that does not humble, from a soul that is not satisfied, and from a supplication that is not answered." [Sunan an-Nasa'i 5536]

4. Prepare Yourself

Openness and Commitment: Be ready to open your heart to the teacher and commit to the journey they set forth.
Clear Communication: Let the teacher know your intentions—whether it's to seek knowledge, improve your worship, or get closer to Allah but need guidance on how to proceed.

Conclusion

Selecting the right Sheikh is a significant step in your journey of seeking knowledge and spiritual growth. By carefully considering the characteristics outlined in this guide, avoiding potential pitfalls, and seeking Allah's guidance, you can find a teacher who will not only educate you but also nurture your development as a devoted Muslim.

Remember that the pursuit of knowledge is a lifelong endeavour requiring patience, sincerity, and dedication. The right teacher will illuminate your path, helping you to understand and practise Islam in a way that brings you closer to Allah and enriches your life.

Final Advice:

Persistence and Patience: The journey of seeking knowledge is long, and challenges always arise, but remain steadfast in your pursuit.
Continuous Du'a: Regularly ask Allah for guidance, support, and beneficial knowledge.
Active Engagement: Be proactive in your learning, participate in discussions, and apply what you learn to your daily life.

May Allah guide us all to teachers who will benefit us, increase us in beneficial knowledge, and make us among those who are rightly guided. Ameen.

This post is based on our course "How to Choose a Teacher." To watch the full course, access the e-book, and take the quiz, join us at AMAU Academy. Gain access to over 100 self-development courses designed for Muslims, helping you excel in lifestyle, health, spirituality, profession, and more.

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